直線導(dǎo)軌和滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌的結(jié)構(gòu)形式是怎么樣？其實(shí)直線導(dǎo)軌時(shí)屬于滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌的一種而已，滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌是一種滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)引，它由鋼珠在滑塊與滑軌之間作無限滾動(dòng)循環(huán)，使得負(fù)載平臺(tái)能沿著滑軌輕易的以高精度作線性運(yùn)動(dòng)，其摩擦系數(shù)可降傳統(tǒng)滑動(dòng)導(dǎo)引的1/50，使之能輕易地達(dá)到μm級(jí)的定位精度。所以濟(jì)南共潤科技有限責(zé)任公司對(duì)于以下二者的結(jié)構(gòu)做了總結(jié):
What is the structure of linear guide and rolling guide? In fact, the linear guide rail belongs to a kind of rolling guide rail. The rolling guide rail is a kind of rolling guide rail. It uses steel balls to make infinite rolling cycle between the slide rail and the slide rail, so that the load platform can easily make linear motion with high precision along the slide rail, and its friction coefficient can be reduced to 1 / 50 of the traditional sliding guide rail, so that it can easily achieve the positioning accuracy of μ m level. Therefore, Jinan gongrun Technology Co., Ltd. summarizes the structure of the following two:
滾珠導(dǎo)軌因其在功能性能上不一樣，所以可以分為以下幾點(diǎn)：
The ball guide rail can be divided into the following points due to its different functional performance:
滾珠導(dǎo)軌
Ball guide
導(dǎo)軌以滾珠作為滾動(dòng)體，運(yùn)動(dòng)靈敏度好，定位度高；但其承載能力和剛度較小，一般都需要通過預(yù)緊提高承載能力和剛度。為了避免在導(dǎo)軌上壓出凹坑而喪失精度，一般采用淬火鋼制造導(dǎo)軌面。滾珠導(dǎo)軌適用于運(yùn)動(dòng)部件質(zhì)量不大，切削力較小的數(shù)控機(jī)床。
The guide rail uses the ball as the rolling body, which has good motion sensitivity and high positioning; however, its bearing capacity and stiffness are small, which generally need to be improved by pre tightening. In order to avoid the loss of accuracy due to the indentation on the guide rail, the guide rail surface is generally made of hardened steel. The ball guide is suitable for CNC machine tools with small moving parts and small cutting force.

滾柱導(dǎo)軌
Roller guide
導(dǎo)軌的承載力及剛度都比滾珠導(dǎo)軌要大，但對(duì)于安裝的要求也高。安裝不良，會(huì)引起偏移和側(cè)向滑動(dòng)，使導(dǎo)軌磨損加快、降低精度。目前數(shù)控機(jī)床、特別是載荷較大的機(jī)床，通常都采用滾柱導(dǎo)軌。
The bearing capacity and rigidity of the guide rail are greater than that of the ball guide rail, but the installation requirements are also high. Poor installation will cause deviation and lateral sliding, which will speed up the wear of guide rail and reduce the accuracy. At present, CNC machine tools, especially those with large load, usually use roller guide.
滾針導(dǎo)軌
Needle guide
滾針導(dǎo)軌的滾針比同直徑的滾柱長度更長。滾針導(dǎo)軌的特點(diǎn)是尺寸小，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。為了提高工作臺(tái)的移動(dòng)精度，滾針的尺寸應(yīng)按直徑分組。滾針導(dǎo)軌適用于導(dǎo)軌尺寸受限制的機(jī)床上。
The needle length of needle guide rail is longer than that of roller with the same diameter. The needle rolling guide rail is characterized by small size and compact structure. In order to improve the moving accuracy of the worktable, the size of the needle should be grouped according to the diameter. Needle roller guide is suitable for machine tools with limited guide size.